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Course Outline
Session 1 & 2: Basic and Advanced concepts of IoT architecture from security perspective
- A brief history of the evolution of IoT technologies.
- Data models in IoT systems – definitions and architectures of sensors, actuators, devices, gateways, and communication protocols.
- Third-party devices and risks associated with the vendor supply chain.
- Technology ecosystem – risks associated with device providers, gateway providers, analytics providers, platform providers, and system integrators.
- Edge-driven distributed IoT vs. Cloud-driven central IoT: Advantages vs. risk assessment.
- Management layers in IoT systems – Fleet management, asset management, sensor onboarding/deboarding, Digital Twins. Risks of authorizations in management layers.
- Demo of IoT management systems including AWS, Microsoft Azure, and other fleet managers.
- Introduction to popular IoT communication protocols – Zigbee, NB-IoT, 5G, LoRa, Wi-SUN – review of vulnerabilities in communication protocol layers.
- Understanding the entire IoT technology stack with a review of risk management.
Session 3: A check-list of all risks and security issues in IoT
- Firmware Patching: The soft underbelly of IoT.
- Detailed review of IoT communication protocol security – Transport layers (NB-IoT, 4G, 5G, LoRa, Zigbee, etc.) and Application Layers – MQTT, WebSocket, etc.
- Vulnerability of API endpoints – list of all possible APIs in IoT architecture.
- Vulnerability of Gateway devices and Services.
- Vulnerability of connected sensors – Gateway communication.
- Vulnerability of Gateway-Server communication.
- Vulnerability of Cloud Database services in IoT.
- Vulnerability of Application Layers.
- Vulnerability of Gateway management services (Local and Cloud-based).
- Risks of log management in edge and non-edge architectures.
Session 4: OWASP Model of IoT security, Top 10 security risks
- I1: Insecure Web Interface
- I2: Insufficient Authentication/Authorization
- I3: Insecure Network Services
- I4: Lack of Transport Encryption
- I5: Privacy Concerns
- I6: Insecure Cloud Interface
- I7: Insecure Mobile Interface
- I8: Insufficient Security Configurability
- I9: Insecure Software/Firmware
- I10: Poor Physical Security
Session 5: Review and Demo of AWS-IoT and Azure IoT security principles
- Microsoft Threat Model – STRIDE
Details of STRIDE Model
- Securing device, gateway, and server communication – Asymmetric encryption.
- X.509 certificates for public key distribution.
- SAS Keys.
- Bulk OTA risks and techniques.
- API security for application portals.
- Deactivation and unlinking of rogue devices from the system.
- Vulnerability of AWS/Azure security principles.
Session 6: Review of evolving NIST standards/recommendations for IoT
Review of NISTIR 8228 standard for IoT security - 30-point risk consideration Model.
Third-party device integration and identification.
- Service identification & tracking.
- Hardware identification & tracking.
- Communication session identification.
- Management transaction identification and logging.
- Log management and tracking.
Session 7: Securing Firmware/Device
Securing debugging mode in firmware.
Physical security of hardware.
- Hardware cryptography – PUF (Physically Unclonable Function) – securing EPROM.
- Public PUF, PPUF.
- Nano PUF.
- Known classification of malware in firmware (18 families according to YARA rule).
- Study of popular firmware malware – Mirai, BrickerBot, GoScanSSH, Hydra, etc.
Session 8: Case Studies of IoT Attacks
- Oct. 21, 2016: A massive DDoS attack was deployed against Dyn DNS servers, shutting down many web services including Twitter. Hackers exploited default passwords and usernames of webcams and other IoT devices, installing the Mirai botnet on compromised devices. This attack will be studied in detail.
- IP cameras can be hacked through buffer overflow attacks.
- Philips Hue light bulbs were hacked via their ZigBee link protocol.
- SQL injection attacks were effective against Belkin IoT devices.
- Cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks exploited the Belkin WeMo app to access data and resources.
Session 9: Securing Distributed IoT via Distributed Ledger – Blockchain and DAG (IOTA) [3 hours]
Distributed ledger technology – DAG Ledger, Hyperledger, Blockchain.
PoW, PoS, Tangle – a comparison of consensus methods.
- Differences between Blockchain, DAG, and Hyperledger – a comparison of their working mechanisms, performance, and decentralization.
- Real-time and offline performance of different DLT systems.
- P2P networks, Private and Public Key basic concepts.
- Practical implementation of ledger systems – review of some research architectures.
- IOTA and Tangle: DLT for IoT.
- Practical application examples from smart cities, smart machines, and smart cars.
Session 10: The best practice architecture for IoT security
- Tracking and identifying all services in Gateways.
- Never use MAC address; use package ID instead.
- Use an identification hierarchy for devices: board ID, Device ID, and package ID.
- Structure Firmware Patching by perimeter and conformity to service ID.
- PUF for EPROM.
- Secure risks of IoT management portals/applications using two-layer authentication.
- Secure all APIs – Define API testing and API management.
- Identification and integration of the same security principles in the Logistics Supply Chain.
- Minimize patch vulnerability of IoT communication protocols.
Session 11: Drafting IoT security Policy for your organization
- Define the lexicon of IoT security and tensions.
- Suggest best practices for authentication, identification, and authorization.
- Identification and ranking of Critical Assets.
- Identification of perimeters and isolation for applications.
- Policy for securing critical assets, critical information, and private data.
Requirements
- Foundational knowledge of devices, electronic systems, and data systems.
- Basic understanding of software and system architectures.
- Basic understanding of Statistics (Excel proficiency).
- Understanding of Telecommunication Verticals.
Summary
- An advanced training program focusing on the state-of-the-art security of the Internet of Things.
- Covers all aspects of firmware, middleware, and IoT communication protocol security.
- Provides a comprehensive 360-degree perspective on IoT security initiatives for those unfamiliar with IoT standards, evolution, and future trends.
- Deep dive into security vulnerabilities in firmware, wireless communication protocols, and device-to-cloud communications.
- Bridges multiple technology domains to foster security awareness within IoT systems and their components.
- Includes live demonstrations of security aspects related to gateways, sensors, and IoT application clouds.
- Explains the 30 key risk considerations from current and proposed NIST IoT security standards.
- Covers the OWASP model for IoT security.
- Provides detailed guidelines for drafting IoT security standards for an organization.
Target Audience
Engineers, managers, and security experts tasked with developing IoT projects or auditing and reviewing security risks.
21 Hours
Testimonials (1)
How friendly the trainer was. The flexibility and answering my questions.
